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A First Course in Complex Analysis

Chapter 4 Integration

Nature laughs at the difficulties of integration.
―Pierre-Simon de Laplace (1749–1827)
We are now ready to start integrating complex functions—and we will not stop doing so for the remainder of this book: it turns out that complex integration is much richer than real integration (in one variable). The initial reason for this is that we have an extra dimension to play with: the calculus integral \(\int_a^b f(x) \, \diff{x}\) has a fixed integration path, from \(a\) to \(b\) along the real line. For complex functions, there are many different ways to go from \(a\) to \(b\text{...}\)